What is cognitive distortion?

Cognitive distortion refers to an exaggerated or irrational thought pattern that can significantly influence a person's emotions and behavior. When individuals engage in cognitive distortions, they often interpret situations in negative or skewed ways, leading to heightened feelings of anxiety, depression, or stress.

For example, someone might view a small setback as a total failure, which can exacerbate their emotional responses and hinder their ability to cope effectively. Recognizing these distorted thinking patterns is crucial for mental wellness, as it allows individuals to reframe their thoughts more realistically and constructively. This process is often a fundamental part of cognitive-behavioral therapy, which aims to help people understand and change their distorted thinking.

The other options do not capture the essence of cognitive distortion. Rational thinking patterns imply a balanced and logical assessment of situations, which contrasts with the exaggeration inherent in cognitive distortions. Unchanged thought processes suggest a lack of variability, which does not align with the nature of cognitive distortions that are characterized by dynamic and often problematic thought patterns. Lastly, a type of meditation refers to a practice intended for relaxation or mindfulness, which is unrelated to the cognitive biases that distort perception and emotional responses.